THE FREIGHTLINER HISTORICAL REFERENCE

Freightliner
FLA-Series family

Research the FLA cabover through dated factory service evidence while exact model hierarchy, cab lengths and production endpoints remain unresolved.

North American referencesImperial + metric

Early-1990s Freightliner FLA086 high-cabover tandem-drive sleeper tractor-inspired artwork, painted in acrylic on a warm neutral ground — Early-1990s Freightliner FLA086 high-cabover tandem-drive sleeper tractor-inspired artwork · illustrative, not configuration-specific · dated visual reference ↗

01 / IDENTIFY THE TRUCK

Years & generations

FLA is a Freightliner cabover service identity in dated factory bulletins. Those documents support nomenclature and selected procedures, not first production, model-year or final-production claims.

Research a model year

Production-year boundaries are not sufficiently established for a complete model-year list. The labelled choices below filter documented milestones or references only; omitted years do not prove the model was unavailable. The MY1990–MY1994 regulator identities do not establish continuous production, an endpoint or the exact FLA/FLB changeover.

Select a year, or explore the full family chronology below.

13 dated specification tables Compare available reference editions Identify / inspect the build

August 1981 Daimler-Benz acquisition checkpoint Corroborated

Heavy cabovers · acquisition-era architecture context

The acquisition record confirms an active Freightliner heavy-cabover architecture in the North American long-haul market. It does not identify FLA, FLB or a model changeover and is not used to backdate either family.

Daimler-Benz’s 1981 annual report identifies cab-over-engine trucks as a principal Freightliner heavy-duty architecture at acquisition but supplies no FLA or suffix allocation.

View dated specifications →

Daimler-Benz · 1981 ↗

MY1986 NHTSA campaign checkpoint Verified

FLA · MY1986 regulator campaign checkpoint

This federal record is retained as a bounded model-year checkpoint. It is not converted into production continuity, an endpoint, factory coexistence, a family cutover or a universal specification.

Two official NHTSA records are joined by exact campaign number. The vehicle query controls model/model-year identity; the campaign record supplies only campaign-wide equipment, population and remedy provenance.

View dated specifications →

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1994 [2] ↗

MY1987 NHTSA campaign checkpoint Verified

FLA · MY1987 regulator campaign checkpoint

This federal record is retained as a bounded model-year checkpoint. It is not converted into production continuity, an endpoint, a model-family relationship or a universal specification.

NHTSA's exact vehicle query explicitly returns Freightliner FLA for MY1987 and the listed campaign identifiers. The FLA and FLD query records do not establish a cabover-to-conventional replacement event, factory coexistence, shared chassis lineage, retail changeover or derivative equivalence.

View dated specifications →

NHTSA ↗

MY1988 NHTSA campaign checkpoint Verified

FLA · MY1988 regulator campaign checkpoint

This federal record is retained as a bounded model-year checkpoint. It is not converted into production continuity, an endpoint, a model-family relationship or a universal specification.

NHTSA's exact vehicle query explicitly returns Freightliner FLA for MY1988 and the listed campaign identifiers. The FLA and FLD query records do not establish a cabover-to-conventional replacement event, factory coexistence, shared chassis lineage, retail changeover or derivative equivalence.

View dated specifications →

NHTSA ↗

MY1989 NHTSA campaign checkpoint Verified

FLA · MY1989 regulator campaign checkpoint

This federal record is retained as a bounded model-year checkpoint. It is not converted into production continuity, an endpoint, a model-family relationship or a universal specification.

NHTSA's exact vehicle query explicitly returns Freightliner FLA for MY1989 and the listed campaign identifiers. The FLA and FLD query records do not establish a cabover-to-conventional replacement event, factory coexistence, shared chassis lineage, retail changeover or derivative equivalence.

View dated specifications →

NHTSA ↗

MY1990 NHTSA campaign checkpoint Verified

FLA · MY1990 regulator campaign checkpoint

This remains a bounded regulator checkpoint. The joined campaign detail explains affected equipment and remedy without converting the report date or campaign-wide population into a build span, endpoint or family relationship.

Two official NHTSA records are joined by exact campaign number. One controls the returned model/model-year identity; the other supplies campaign-wide equipment, population and remedy provenance. Neither establishes family production chronology.

View dated specifications →

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1991 [2] ↗

MY1991 NHTSA campaign checkpoint Verified

FLA · MY1991 regulator campaign checkpoint

This remains a bounded regulator checkpoint. Joined campaign details explain affected equipment and remedies without converting report dates or campaign-wide populations into a build span, endpoint or family relationship.

Official NHTSA records are joined by exact campaign number. The vehicle query controls the returned model/model-year identity; campaign records supply campaign-wide equipment, population and remedy provenance. None establishes family production chronology.

View dated specifications →

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1991 [2] ↗NHTSA · 1997 [3] ↗NHTSA · 1991 [4] ↗

MY1992 NHTSA campaign checkpoint Verified

FLA · MY1992 regulator campaign checkpoint

View dated specifications →

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1997 [2] ↗

1992–1995 bulletins Verified

Dated FLA service evidence

The reviewed factory bulletins identify FLA as a cabover and distinguish it from FLB, FLD and FLC112 categories. They support an identification checkpoint, not a generation or sales chronology.

The interval joins two service-literature dates only; continuous production is unresolved.

Freightliner service bulletin · 1992 [1] ↗Freightliner service bulletin · 1995 [2] ↗

MY1993 NHTSA campaign identity Verified

FLA · MY1993 windshield-wiper campaign identity

This remains a bounded model-year campaign identity. The added detail explains the affected equipment and remedy without converting the report date or campaign-wide population into a family production range.

Two official NHTSA records are joined by exact campaign number. One controls the family/model-year identity and the other supplies campaign-wide component, population and remedy provenance; neither establishes family production chronology.

View dated specifications →

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1993 [2] ↗

MY1994 NHTSA campaign checkpoint Verified

FLA · MY1994 regulator campaign checkpoint

View dated specifications →

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1997 [2] ↗NHTSA · 1996 [3] ↗

June 1994 factory bulletin revision Verified

FLA COE · service-identity checkpoint

The bulletin preserves the named Freightliner service identity during its June 1994 revision. No first build, retail availability, model year or endpoint is inferred.

A dated Freightliner service bulletin names the model category. Service scope is not production or model-year evidence.

View dated specifications →

Freightliner service bulletin 20-20 · 1994 ↗

MY1995 NHTSA campaign identity Verified

FLA · MY1995 air-dryer campaign identity

View dated specifications →

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1995 [2] ↗

October 2009 factory maintenance-manual revision Corroborated

FLA service identity

The dated factory service publication preserves the FLA COE identity in an October 2009 maintenance-document context. It does not establish that complete trucks were produced, ordered or sold in 2009 and does not move any family endpoint.

Daimler Trucks North America’s October 2009 manual explicitly lists FLA COE in its controlled model scope.

View dated specifications →

Daimler Trucks North America · 2009 ↗

Production milestones & claim evidence

January 1992 service identity: FLA COE listed by Freightliner Verified
The bulletin covers a Cummins L10 procedure and does not establish the FLA range or all engines.
Freightliner service bulletin · 1992 ↗
December 1995 service identity: FLA COE listed with FLB and FLD Verified
This establishes service applicability at publication, not continuous production.
Freightliner service bulletin · 1995 ↗
First model year / production start: Not established Unresolved
Freightliner service bulletin · 1992 ↗
Final production / successor transition: Not established Unresolved
Freightliner service bulletin · 1995 ↗
Relationship to FLB: FLB defined as enhanced FLA COE Verified
Freightliner’s factory abbreviation table explicitly defines FLB as an enhanced Freightliner FLA COE. This establishes family lineage, not an exact changeover, overlap, first/final model year or regional boundary.
Freightliner · 2000 ↗
MY1995 campaign identity: FLA Verified
NHTSA explicitly pairs MY1995 FLA with campaign 95E003005. The equipment-qualified record does not establish production boundaries or universal equipment.
NHTSA ↗
MY1993 campaign identity: FLA Verified
NHTSA campaign 93V149000 supplies a windshield-wiper-linkage-qualified identity, not a production boundary.
NHTSA ↗

02 / CHOOSE THE APPLICABLE REFERENCE

Choose a reference edition

Start with the model configuration, then choose a publication and explore its documented equipment.

Reference year / edition

Explore a cab / sleeper

Explore a transmission

Catalogue reference

Selecting equipment records your research choice. It does not calculate dimensions, establish an available combination or rate a truck.

About this edition & its evidence

1992–1995 factory service evidence. The bulletins identify FLA as a cabover service category. A service-publication date proves applicability of the procedure, not a sales year, generation boundary or every component offered.

Freightliner service bulletin · Cummins L10 block heater, January 1992 ↗

Freightliner service bulletin · AirLiner pinion angles, December 1995 ↗

Model-specific dimension guide under research: A model-appropriate A–H drawing is not yet available. Published measurements and their evidence remain available in the dimension table. Read the dimension evidence.

03 / PERIOD-APPROPRIATE EVIDENCE

Dated specifications by era

Each table retains its printed edition, market and configuration. A publication snapshot is not a specification for every year in the family.

August 1981 Daimler-Benz acquisition checkpoint

Heavy cabovers · acquisition-era architecture context

Daimler-Benz Annual Report 1981 · PDF p. 57 · Freightliner heavy cabover · acquisition-era architecture checkpoint

Freightliner heavy-duty cab-over-engine architecture; no FLA badge allocation · North America · corporate annual-report context

The report records cab-over-engine trucks as a principal Freightliner heavy-duty architecture at the 1981 acquisition. It does not name FLA, FLA086, FLB or another cabover badge and therefore cannot establish a family introduction or changeover.

Freightliner heavy cabover · acquisition-era architecture checkpoint
Specification	Documented value / configuration
Corporate event	Daimler-Benz acquired Freightliner Corporation on August 1, 1981
Architecture present	Heavy-duty cab-over-engine trucks · 15 tons GVW and above
Primary use stated	Mostly long-distance freight haulage
Corporate scope	4,776 Freightliner employees at year-end 1981 · company context, not a model count
Model-name limit	No FLA, FLA086, FLB or other cabover badge is named
Relationship limit	No FLA introduction, FLA-to-FLB transition, production range, final year or regional endpoint inferred

Daimler-Benz · 1981 ↗

MY1986 NHTSA campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1986 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1986 · vehicle query reviewed September 23, 2026 · FLA · MY1986 regulator campaign checkpoint

Explicit model year · United States

The exact vehicle query and official campaign record are joined by campaign number. The result remains a bounded regulator checkpoint, not production chronology or a cabover relationship boundary.

FLA · MY1986 regulator campaign checkpoint
Specification	Documented value / configuration
NHTSA make / model-year identity	Freightliner FLA · MY1986
Vehicle-specific campaign records returned	1
Campaign identifier returned	94V075000
94V075000 · equipment / defect scope	High-mileage vehicles whose front-axle knuckle support could develop fatigue cracks and fail
94V075000 · campaign-wide potentially affected	2,336 vehicles across campaign 94V075000 · not an FLA-only production count
94V075000 · remedy	Replace the front-axle knuckle assemblies with redesigned knuckles
Evidence limit	The exact vehicle query establishes only the returned Freightliner model label, model-year identity, record count and campaign identifier. It does not establish a production count, continuous range, first or final model year, last build, sales availability, universal equipment specification, factory coexistence, the FLA/FLB changeover or the FLB/Argosy cutover. The joined campaign record controls only campaign-wide component, defect, affected-population and remedy fields. Its population is not model-specific, and its received date is not a build date or production boundary.

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1994 [2] ↗

MY1987 NHTSA campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1987 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1987 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1987 regulator campaign checkpoint

Explicit model year · United States

The NHTSA vehicle-specific result is retained as a bounded model-year and campaign-membership checkpoint. Counts and campaign lists are query provenance, not production chronology. The FLA and FLD query records do not establish a cabover-to-conventional replacement event, factory coexistence, shared chassis lineage, retail changeover or derivative equivalence.

FLA · MY1987 regulator campaign checkpoint
Specification	Documented value / configuration
NHTSA make / model-year identity	Freightliner FLA · MY1987
Vehicle-specific campaign records returned	1
Campaign identifiers returned	94V075000
Evidence limit	The exact vehicle query establishes only the returned Freightliner model label, model-year identity, record count and campaign identifiers. It does not establish a production count, continuous range, first or final model year, last build, sales availability, universal equipment specification or an FLA/FLB/FLC/FLD succession boundary. The FLA and FLD query records do not establish a cabover-to-conventional replacement event, factory coexistence, shared chassis lineage, retail changeover or derivative equivalence.

NHTSA ↗

MY1988 NHTSA campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1988 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1988 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1988 regulator campaign checkpoint

Explicit model year · United States

FLA · MY1988 regulator campaign checkpoint
Specification	Documented value / configuration
NHTSA make / model-year identity	Freightliner FLA · MY1988
Vehicle-specific campaign records returned	2
Campaign identifiers returned	94V075000 · 91V084000
Evidence limit	The exact vehicle query establishes only the returned Freightliner model label, model-year identity, record count and campaign identifiers. It does not establish a production count, continuous range, first or final model year, last build, sales availability, universal equipment specification or an FLA/FLB/FLC/FLD succession boundary. The FLA and FLD query records do not establish a cabover-to-conventional replacement event, factory coexistence, shared chassis lineage, retail changeover or derivative equivalence.

NHTSA ↗

MY1989 NHTSA campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1989 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1989 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1989 regulator campaign checkpoint

Explicit model year · United States

FLA · MY1989 regulator campaign checkpoint
Specification	Documented value / configuration
NHTSA make / model-year identity	Freightliner FLA · MY1989
Vehicle-specific campaign records returned	2
Campaign identifiers returned	94V075000 · 91V084000
Evidence limit	The exact vehicle query establishes only the returned Freightliner model label, model-year identity, record count and campaign identifiers. It does not establish a production count, continuous range, first or final model year, last build, sales availability, universal equipment specification or an FLA/FLB/FLC/FLD succession boundary. The FLA and FLD query records do not establish a cabover-to-conventional replacement event, factory coexistence, shared chassis lineage, retail changeover or derivative equivalence.

NHTSA ↗

MY1990 NHTSA campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1990 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1990 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1990 regulator campaign checkpoint

Explicit model year · United States

The vehicle-specific query and official campaign record are joined by exact campaign number. Campaign details remain campaign-wide, not model- or family-wide, and do not establish production chronology or a relationship boundary.

FLA · MY1990 regulator campaign checkpoint
Specification	Documented value / configuration
NHTSA make / model-year identity	Freightliner FLA · MY1990
Vehicle-specific campaign records returned	1
Campaign identifiers returned	91V084000
Evidence limit	The vehicle-specific query establishes only the returned Freightliner model label, model-year identity, result count and campaign identifiers. It does not establish a production count, continuous range, first or final model year, last build, retail availability, universal equipment specification or an FLA/FLB/FLC/FLD succession boundary. Individual campaign equipment, populations, manufacturing windows and remedies require their own campaign-level records. The FLA and FLB query records show regulator identities only; overlapping model-year labels do not by themselves prove factory coexistence, a retail changeover date, export continuity or an Argosy cutover.
91V084000 · equipment / defect scope	Steering-wheel upper hub castings that could fracture and allow the steering wheel to separate from the column mounting hub
91V084000 · campaign-wide potentially affected	2,976 vehicles across campaign 91V084000 · not an FLA-only production count
91V084000 · remedy	Remove and replace the upper hub casting and install a hub plate
91V084000 · detail limit	The vehicle-specific query controls the returned Freightliner model/model-year/campaign identity. This campaign record controls only campaign-wide component, defect, affected-population and remedy fields. The joined records do not establish family-specific production counts, manufacturing windows, first or final model years, continuous availability, an FLA/FLB cutover or an FLC-to-FLD replacement event.

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1991 [2] ↗

MY1991 NHTSA campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1991 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1991 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1991 regulator campaign checkpoint

Explicit model year · United States

The vehicle-specific query and official campaign records are joined by exact campaign number. Campaign details remain campaign-wide, not model- or family-wide, and do not establish production chronology or a relationship boundary.

FLA · MY1991 regulator campaign checkpoint
Specification	Documented value / configuration
NHTSA make / model-year identity	Freightliner FLA · MY1991
Vehicle-specific campaign records returned	4
Campaign identifiers returned	93V149000 · 97V114001 · 91V224000 · 91V084000
Evidence limit	The vehicle-specific query establishes only the returned Freightliner model label, model-year identity, result count and campaign identifiers. It does not establish a production count, continuous range, first or final model year, last build, retail availability, universal equipment specification or an FLA/FLB/FLC/FLD succession boundary. Individual campaign equipment, populations, manufacturing windows and remedies require their own campaign-level records. The FLA and FLB query records show regulator identities only; overlapping model-year labels do not by themselves prove factory coexistence, a retail changeover date, export continuity or an Argosy cutover.
91V084000 · equipment / defect scope	Steering-wheel upper hub castings that could fracture and allow the steering wheel to separate from the column mounting hub
91V084000 · campaign-wide potentially affected	2,976 vehicles across campaign 91V084000 · not an FLA-only production count
91V084000 · remedy	Remove and replace the upper hub casting and install a hub plate
91V084000 · detail limit	The vehicle-specific query controls the returned Freightliner model/model-year/campaign identity. This campaign record controls only campaign-wide component, defect, affected-population and remedy fields. The joined records do not establish family-specific production counts, manufacturing windows, first or final model years, continuous availability, an FLA/FLB cutover or an FLC-to-FLD replacement event.
97V114001 · equipment / defect scope	Heavy-duty trucks whose Grote turn-signal switch shoulder bolt could loosen and cause turn-signal malfunction
97V114001 · campaign-wide potentially affected	77,000 vehicles across campaign 97V114001 · not an FLA-only production count
97V114001 · remedy	Inspect the switch; tighten loose bolts, then remove, clean and reinstall the shoulder bolt with thread-locking compound
97V114001 · detail limit	The vehicle-specific query controls the returned Freightliner model/model-year/campaign identity. This campaign record controls only campaign-wide component, defect, affected-population and remedy fields. The joined records do not establish family-specific production counts, manufacturing windows, first or final model years, continuous availability, an FLA/FLB cutover or an FLC-to-FLD replacement event.
91V224000 · equipment / defect scope	Interaxle driveline universal joints that could fail at low mileage because lubrication was omitted during assembly
91V224000 · campaign-wide potentially affected	14,660 vehicles across campaign 91V224000 · not an FLA-only production count
91V224000 · remedy	Remove and replace the interaxle universal joints
91V224000 · detail limit	The vehicle-specific query controls the returned Freightliner model/model-year/campaign identity. This campaign record controls only campaign-wide component, defect, affected-population and remedy fields. The joined records do not establish family-specific production counts, manufacturing windows, first or final model years, continuous availability, factory coexistence, an FLA/FLB cutover or an Argosy cutover.

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1991 [2] ↗NHTSA · 1997 [3] ↗NHTSA · 1991 [4] ↗

MY1992 NHTSA campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1992 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1992 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1992 regulator campaign checkpoint

Explicit model year · United States

FLA · MY1992 regulator campaign checkpoint
Specification	Documented value / configuration
NHTSA make / model-year identity	Freightliner FLA · MY1992
Vehicle-specific campaign records returned	2
Campaign identifiers returned	93V149000 · 97V114001
Evidence limit	The vehicle-specific query establishes only the returned Freightliner model label, model-year identity, result count and campaign identifiers. It does not establish a production count, continuous range, first or final model year, last build, retail availability, universal equipment specification or an FLA/FLB/FLC/FLD succession boundary. Individual campaign equipment, populations, manufacturing windows and remedies require their own campaign-level records. The FLA and FLB query records show regulator identities only; overlapping model-year labels do not by themselves prove factory coexistence, a retail changeover date, export continuity or an Argosy cutover.
97V114001 · equipment / defect scope	Heavy-duty trucks whose Grote turn-signal switch shoulder bolt could loosen and cause turn-signal malfunction
97V114001 · campaign-wide potentially affected	77,000 vehicles across campaign 97V114001 · not an FLA-only production count
97V114001 · remedy	Inspect the switch; tighten loose bolts, then remove, clean and reinstall the shoulder bolt with thread-locking compound
97V114001 · detail limit	The vehicle-specific query controls the returned Freightliner model/model-year/campaign identity. This campaign record controls only campaign-wide component, defect, affected-population and remedy fields. The joined records do not establish family-specific production counts, manufacturing windows, first or final model years, continuous availability, an FLA/FLB cutover or an FLC-to-FLD replacement event.

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1997 [2] ↗

1992–1995 bulletins

Dated FLA service evidence

Confirm complete model suffix and cab configuration; FLA is not one universal specification.
Do not treat the bulletin publication dates as first or last model years.

Freightliner service bulletin · 1992 [1] ↗Freightliner service bulletin · 1995 [2] ↗

MY1993 NHTSA campaign identity

FLA · MY1993 windshield-wiper campaign identity

September 14, 1993 · NHTSA campaign 93V149000 · FLA · MY1993 windshield-wiper campaign identity

Explicit model year · United States

The vehicle-specific model-year query and official campaign record are joined by exact campaign number. The campaign details remain campaign-wide rather than family-wide and do not establish production chronology.

FLA · MY1993 windshield-wiper campaign identity
Specification	Documented value / configuration
NHTSA make / model-year identity	Freightliner FLA · MY1993
Campaign equipment / defect scope	Affected vehicles whose windshield-wiper linkage could contact the motor output-shaft nut and separate
Campaign-wide potentially affected	505 vehicles across campaign 93V149000 · not an FLA-only production count
Manufacturer campaign	Not reported
Campaign remedy	Replace the wiper linkage with a redesigned linkage providing additional clearance
Evidence join limit	The vehicle-specific query controls the family/model-year/campaign identity. The campaign record controls campaign-wide equipment, defect, potentially-affected and remedy fields. The campaign population is not family-specific and neither record establishes production, availability, build dates, continuous chronology, first or final model year or an endpoint.

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1993 [2] ↗

MY1994 NHTSA campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1994 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1994 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1994 regulator campaign checkpoint

Explicit model year · United States

FLA · MY1994 regulator campaign checkpoint
Specification	Documented value / configuration
NHTSA make / model-year identity	Freightliner FLA · MY1994
Vehicle-specific campaign records returned	3
Campaign identifiers returned	96V232000 · 97V114001 · 95E003005
Evidence limit	The vehicle-specific query establishes only the returned Freightliner model label, model-year identity, result count and campaign identifiers. It does not establish a production count, continuous range, first or final model year, last build, retail availability, universal equipment specification or an FLA/FLB/FLC/FLD succession boundary. Individual campaign equipment, populations, manufacturing windows and remedies require their own campaign-level records. The FLA and FLB query records show regulator identities only; overlapping model-year labels do not by themselves prove factory coexistence, a retail changeover date, export continuity or an Argosy cutover.
97V114001 · equipment / defect scope	Heavy-duty trucks whose Grote turn-signal switch shoulder bolt could loosen and cause turn-signal malfunction
97V114001 · campaign-wide potentially affected	77,000 vehicles across campaign 97V114001 · not an FLA-only production count
97V114001 · remedy	Inspect the switch; tighten loose bolts, then remove, clean and reinstall the shoulder bolt with thread-locking compound
97V114001 · detail limit	The vehicle-specific query controls the returned Freightliner model/model-year/campaign identity. This campaign record controls only campaign-wide component, defect, affected-population and remedy fields. The joined records do not establish family-specific production counts, manufacturing windows, first or final model years, continuous availability, an FLA/FLB cutover or an FLC-to-FLD replacement event.
96V232000 · equipment / defect scope	Heavy-duty trucks with Horton fan drives whose reconfigured control systems could increase activation demand, stress components and contribute to premature bearing failure and a locked fan
96V232000 · campaign-wide potentially affected	27,500 vehicles across campaign 96V232000 · not an FLA-only production count
96V232000 · remedy	Replace the fan-clutch drive disc with one incorporating a thermally activated pressure relief
96V232000 · detail limit	The vehicle-specific query controls the returned Freightliner model/model-year/campaign identity. This campaign record controls only campaign-wide component, defect, affected-population and remedy fields. The joined records do not establish family-specific production counts, manufacturing windows, first or final model years, continuous availability, factory coexistence, an FLA/FLB cutover or an Argosy cutover.

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1997 [2] ↗NHTSA · 1996 [3] ↗

June 1994 factory bulletin revision

FLA COE · service-identity checkpoint

June 1994 · Freightliner service bulletin 20-20 · FLA COE · fan-control service-identity checkpoint

FLA COE named in the bulletin header · North America

Service applicability and publication-revision evidence only. It does not establish 1994 production, sales, model-year availability or a family endpoint.

FLA COE · fan-control service-identity checkpoint
Specification	Documented value / configuration
Named service identity	FLA COE
Revision	June 1994; replaces December 1993 issue
Procedure context	Fan-control diagnostic and engagement check; approximately 195–205°F
Chronology limit	Service identity only; no production or model-year boundary inferred

Freightliner service bulletin 20-20 · 1994 ↗

MY1995 NHTSA campaign identity

FLA · MY1995 air-dryer campaign identity

March 4, 1995 · NHTSA campaign 95E003005 · FLA · MY1995 air-dryer campaign identity

Explicit model year · United States

FLA · MY1995 air-dryer campaign identity
Specification	Documented value / configuration
NHTSA make / model-year identity	Freightliner FLA · MY1995
Campaign equipment / defect scope	Equipment campaign covering air systems in which accumulated moisture could freeze, block the dryer and over-pressurize its cartridge
Campaign-wide potentially affected	18,500 units across equipment campaign 95E003005 · not an FLA-only production count
Manufacturer campaign	Not reported
Campaign remedy	Install a pressure-relief valve between the compressor and air dryer
Evidence join limit	The vehicle-specific query controls the family/model-year/campaign identity. The campaign record controls campaign-wide equipment, defect, potentially-affected and remedy fields. The campaign population is not family-specific and neither record establishes production, availability, build dates, continuous chronology, first or final model year or an endpoint.

NHTSA [1] ↗NHTSA · 1995 [2] ↗

October 2009 factory maintenance-manual revision

FLA service identity

DTNA Heavy-Duty Trucks Maintenance Manual · STI-329-1 (10/09P) · FLA · October 2009 service-publication identity

FLA COE as named on the factory manual cover · North America · factory service-publication scope

The October 2009 maintenance-manual revision explicitly lists FLA COE. This is a service-document identity checkpoint only: the revision date is not a production, order, sale, registration or model-year boundary.

FLA · October 2009 service-publication identity
Specification	Documented value / configuration
Published model identity	FLA COE
Publication	Heavy-Duty Trucks Maintenance Manual · STI-329-1
Revision	10/09P · October 2009
Publisher	Daimler Trucks North America LLC · Portland, Oregon
Document function	Routine maintenance procedures, intervals, fluid capacities and adjustment checks
Production limit	Service-document inclusion does not prove October 2009 production, ordering, sales or North American availability
Chronology limit	No first/final model year, build endpoint, continuous range or successor relationship inferred
Visual limit	No complete model-matched A–H endpoints or accepted orthographic geometry supplied

Daimler Trucks North America · 2009 ↗

04 / DIMENSIONS

Published dimensions

FLA COE · 1992–1995 factory service evidence

This source establishes equipment context. Verified numerical dimensions have not been added for this configuration.

8 dimensions still to verify · build record / measurement

Measurements needed from the individual truck · imperial first, rounded metric equivalents
Measurement	Reference value	Scope / how to verify
Bumper to back of cab (BBC)	Not verified	Build record / measurement required.
Wheelbase	Not verified	Build record / measurement required.
Overall tractor length	Not verified	Build record / measurement required.
Overall height	Not verified	Build record / measurement required.
Cab / body exterior width	Not verified	Build record / measurement required.
Width across mirrors	Not verified	Build record / measurement required.
Fifth-wheel height	Not verified	Build record / measurement required.
Bumper to front axle (BA)	Not verified	Build record / measurement required.

Planning to transport the truck?

Measure fixed exterior width and mirror width separately, plus overall length, the highest accessory, fifth-wheel height and actual transport weight. Interior bunk width is not exterior width.

05 / POWERTRAIN & CHASSIS

Powertrain & chassis

Configuration and ratings require the individual factory build record. Read engine, gearbox and axle ratings together.

Numerical powertrain ratings need a dated configuration-specific source.

Documented cab options

Confirm the original order.

Documented transmissions

Read the installed unit’s identification plate and build record.

The bulletins identify FLA as a cabover service category. A service-publication date proves applicability of the procedure, not a sales year, generation boundary or every component offered.

06 / IDENTIFICATION & BUYER RESEARCH

Identify and inspect the truck

Publication dates and launch milestones do not establish continuous model-year ranges. Match the VIN, production date and equipment era.

Reference milestones & edition links

Inspection and build evidence

Record the complete badge, VIN and build date, then inspect cab tilt hardware, suspension, powertrain and axle tags. Do not use a parts or service date alone as a model year.

VIN-linked factory build record and production date
Engine and transmission identification plates
Axle ratings, tyre ratings and fifth-wheel installation
Physical measurements of the individual tractor

07 / TRANSPORT & TRAILER RESEARCH

Match the trailer to the whole truck.

FLA research must remain cabover- and configuration-specific. Confirm complete model suffix, cab dimensions, sleeper, steering position, wheelbase and fifth-wheel position before comparison.

HIGHWAYTRAILERS.CA

Flatbed

Start with deck length, load placement, axle distribution and cab-to-trailer clearance.

Read the guide HIGHWAYTRAILERS.CA

Step deck

Compare deck height, gooseneck geometry and the loaded combination’s height.

Read the guide HIGHWAYTRAILERS.CA

RGN / equipment hauling

Check neck compatibility, fifth-wheel loading, wet-kit requirements and the complete axle layout.

Read the guide HIGHWAYTRAILERS.CA

How trailer capacity works

Review the tractor, coupling, trailer, tyres and load as one combination.

Read the guide

Pulling a trailer

Confirm build-specific combination, axle, tyre and coupling ratings, kingpin and service connections, clearance and actual axle weights. GVW is the loaded truck; GCW is the loaded combination. Neither is trailer payload.

Moving the tractor as cargo

Give the carrier measured length, exterior and mirror widths, height, ground clearance and transport weight. Assess deck access, breakover, loaded height and securement together.

Deck height & loaded height ↗

There is no single “FLA-Series towing capacity”.

The model badge, artwork and catalogue option selectors cannot rate an individual combination. Obtain the actual build limits and scale weights.

09 / SOURCES & OPEN QUESTIONS

Sources & open questions

Reviewed September 14, 2026. Manufacturer figures remain tied to their stated reference; converted equivalents are rounded; original source units are retained. Application and inspection notes are editorial guidance.

Year boundaries still under research

First and final model years, exact factory build cut-offs and regional overlap still need dated model-specific evidence.
Find factory FLA launch literature, model hierarchy, cab/sleeper specifications and final North American build evidence.
Resolve the exact FLA-to-FLB changeover, coexistence, exports, gliders and regional availability; the family relationship itself is verified.

How to read the evidence

Verified: primary evidence for the stated claim. Corroborated: independent supporting sources. Provisional: useful evidence needing confirmation. Unresolved: conflicting or insufficient evidence. A verified service document or announcement does not verify a production range.

Reference-specific values retain their edition. Build-specific values require a VIN or order record; transport dimensions may require physical measurement. Research intervals locate references, not continuous model-year availability. Reviewed 2026-09-29.

Reference-specific evidence needed

Factory launch and final-production evidence by FLA model.
Dated sales literature for FLA cab, sleeper, drivetrain and chassis configurations.
Documented FLA-to-FLB relationship and regional availability.

All Freightliner specifications

FreightlinerFLA-Series family

Years & generations

Heavy cabovers · acquisition-era architecture context

FLA · MY1986 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1987 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1988 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1989 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1990 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1991 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1992 regulator campaign checkpoint

Dated FLA service evidence

FLA · MY1993 windshield-wiper campaign identity

FLA · MY1994 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA COE · service-identity checkpoint

FLA · MY1995 air-dryer campaign identity

FLA service identity

Choose a reference edition

Dated specifications by era

Heavy cabovers · acquisition-era architecture context

Daimler-Benz Annual Report 1981 · PDF p. 57 · Freightliner heavy cabover · acquisition-era architecture checkpoint

FLA · MY1986 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1986 · vehicle query reviewed September 23, 2026 · FLA · MY1986 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1987 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1987 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1987 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1988 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1988 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1988 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1989 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1989 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1989 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1990 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1990 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1990 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1991 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1991 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1991 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA · MY1992 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1992 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1992 regulator campaign checkpoint

Dated FLA service evidence

FLA · MY1993 windshield-wiper campaign identity

September 14, 1993 · NHTSA campaign 93V149000 · FLA · MY1993 windshield-wiper campaign identity

FLA · MY1994 regulator campaign checkpoint

MY1994 · vehicle query reviewed September 20, 2026 · FLA · MY1994 regulator campaign checkpoint

FLA COE · service-identity checkpoint

June 1994 · Freightliner service bulletin 20-20 · FLA COE · fan-control service-identity checkpoint

FLA · MY1995 air-dryer campaign identity

March 4, 1995 · NHTSA campaign 95E003005 · FLA · MY1995 air-dryer campaign identity

FLA service identity

DTNA Heavy-Duty Trucks Maintenance Manual · STI-329-1 (10/09P) · FLA · October 2009 service-publication identity

Published dimensions

Planning to transport the truck?

Powertrain & chassis

Documented cab options

Documented transmissions

Identify and inspect the truck

Match the trailer to the whole truck.

Flatbed

Step deck

RGN / equipment hauling

How trailer capacity works

Pulling a trailer

Moving the tractor as cargo

Related Freightliner models

Sources & open questions

Year boundaries still under research

Reference-specific evidence needed

Freightliner
FLA-Series family